寫作背景
「秦失其鹿（雙關「祿」），天下共逐之」，秦末失政，陳涉起義，鬆動秦朝根基，群雄並起抗秦。秦亡之後，中原逐鹿，即以項羽、劉邦為首，展開一場風雲詭譎的爭霸戰局。司馬遷於〈項羽本紀〉中詳敘項羽發跡、壯大、敗亡的過程。「鉅鹿之戰」成就項羽之威名；「鴻門宴」則是楚敗漢興的轉捩點；之前是項羽驍勇善戰，所向披靡；之後則是楚、漢相爭，劉邦終得天下，而項羽自刎烏江。楚敗漢興之因，於本文中已埋下伏筆；司馬遷對於這件歷史大事，事件敘述詳略有致，人物刻劃鮮明生動，具有很高的文學和史料價值。
102-10鴻門宴
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